Some gardens you visit for one great tree. Montréal is not that kind of place. You come here for a whole library of them – and for the fact that the library is written in two different languages.
The Jardin botanique de Montréal holds one of the most important collections of miniature trees in North America: somewhere around 350 bonsai and penjing, with only a fraction on public display at any given moment. The story of how it got there is almost accidental. After the Floralies international flower show in 1980, Japanese and Chinese exhibitors donated trees they didn’t want to ship home. Then the great Hong Kong collector Wu Yee-sun gave the garden a large part of his Man Lung penjing collection – on the condition that Montréal build a proper home for it. The Chinese Garden followed. The Japanese Garden came in 1989, with trees gifted by the Nippon Bonsai Association. A city with brutal winters ended up, almost by chance, as one of the world capitals of this art.
And here’s what makes it special for someone like me, who travels to look at trees: you get to walk from one aesthetic to the other in about ten minutes.
The Japanese pavilion: one tree, all the attention
In the Japanese Garden, the presentation is stripped down to almost nothing. Each tree sits alone on its own stand. Space around it. Nothing competing. No backdrop asking to be looked at.
The effect is that your eyes have nowhere else to go. You start at the nebari, follow the trunk, read the movement, notice where the artist chose to leave a gap. It’s the same logic as a tokonoma – the display is designed to disappear so the tree can be the entire subject. Silence around an object is a kind of statement about the object.
I’ve seen this in Japan, of course, but seeing it here, thirty meters from a completely different philosophy, made it much sharper.




The Chinese garden: the tree is part of the scene
Walk over to the Chinese Garden and the whole grammar changes. The penjing aren’t isolated on plinths in a quiet room – they’re placed inside the garden itself, among rocks, water, walls, courtyards, pavilions. The trees are not the exhibition. The trees are in the exhibition.











Which is exactly the point. Penjing means, more or less, “landscape in a pot.” The tradition grew out of Chinese landscape painting, and a painted landscape isn’t a portrait of a single pine – it’s mountains, mist, water, and a tree that belongs to all of it. So the display follows the art form: the scenery around the tree isn’t a distraction, it’s context, and removing it would be like cropping a painting down to one corner.
Two collections, twenty minutes apart, arguing politely about what you’re supposed to be looking at. Japanese bonsai says: this tree. Chinese penjing says: this world, and the tree that lives in it. Neither is right. Both are complete.
If you only take one thing from this post, take that comparison, and go look for a place where you can see both on the same day. It teaches you more about display than a year of reading.
The species: this is where I got into trouble
Beyond the philosophy, the thing that floored me – especially on the Japanese and North American side – was the sheer botanical range.
There are the local North Americans, and the larches are the stars. Larix laricina, tamarack, collected from the boreal landscape and worked into trees with that particular ragged northern honesty. If you’ve seen David Easterbrook’s own collection you’ll recognize the family resemblance immediately – Montréal has been the school for North American larch bonsai for decades, and it shows.
But then it keeps going. European species. Mediterranean material. And a serious tropical collection, which in a climate like Québec’s means greenhouses and a lot of work moving trees around twice a year.
And then the sentence I didn’t expect to hear on this trip: you can do bonsai with guava. And with magnolia.
I have both in my garden at home. I have walked past them for years thinking of them as garden trees – background, scenery, the stuff that isn’t the hobby. It never once occurred to me that they could be candidates. That’s the real value of visiting a collection this diverse: it doesn’t just show you good trees, it re-labels the trees you already own.
So. Someone in my garden is getting air layered this spring. I’m not saying who. But it has fruit. 😉
Networking, again: the real technique
I keep writing this in different words, but here it is again: in bonsai, the network is the tool.
When David Easterbrook heard we were planning to visit the garden, he didn’t just wish us a good trip. David ran these collections for decades before he retired – this was his life’s work — and he immediately reached out to Éric Auger, his successor, who has been curator here since 2011.
Éric took us behind the scenes.









Not just the public display – the full working collection. The service areas where the trees that aren’t currently on display live: the ones being recovered, developed, waiting their turn. Bonsai and penjing both. That’s where a collection tells you the truth about itself. Anyone can style twelve trees for a display bench. What you see in the back is the actual health of the operation, and Montréal’s back rooms are extraordinary.
Éric spent almost two hours with us. Two hours. He’s been practicing for over 25 years, including a period of study in Japan, and he has that quality the genuinely good ones share – no hurry, no performance, happy to answer a beginner’s question with the same seriousness as an expert’s. Endlessly patient, endlessly generous with what he knows.
Éric, if this ever reaches you: thank you. And David – thank you for making the call.
From Anna’s Lens
A word about the photos in this post. Most are Anna’s. She has an eye I simply don’t have – I photograph trees the way you’d photograph evidence, straight on and in focus, while she finds the light, the angle, the moment when a branch and a rooftop line up and suddenly the whole thing looks like it was composed on purpose. Half of what I noticed in these gardens, I noticed because she stopped walking and raised the camera. Thank you, my love – the trees have never looked better.







And Yotam
The other highlight wasn’t a tree.
Yotam came with me, and once again he impressed me. His curiosity was infectious. He kept asking Éric questions – real questions, smart ones, the kind that show he was actually following the reasoning and not just being polite for his father’s sake. At one point I realized Éric was answering him, not me.
I’ve said before that I came to bonsai late. Watching my son take an interest in it now, at his age, with that kind of attention – that’s a different kind of pride than anything I felt looking at the larches.
Best souvenir of the trip so far, and it didn’t need a pot.

The Journey Continues – Next stop – NYC!!!








































































































































































































































































































